SINGLE BUS SUBSTATION SCHEME – BASIC INFORMATION AND TUTORIALS



Single Bus Scheme In Substation
The single-bus scheme is not normally used for major substations. Dependence on one main bus can cause a serious outage in the event of breaker or bus failure without the use of mobile equipment.

  
This arrangement involves one main bus with all circuits connected directly to the bus. The reliability of this type of an arrangement is very low. When properly protected by relaying, a single failure to the main bus or any circuit section between its circuit breaker and the main bus will cause an outage of the
entire system.

In addition, maintenance of devices on this system requires the de-energizing of the line connected to the device. Maintenance of the bus would require the outage of the total system, use of standby generation, or switching to adjacent station, if available.

The station must be deenergized in order to carry out bus maintenance or add bus extensions. Although the protective relaying is relatively simple for this scheme, the single-bus scheme is considered inflexible and subject to complete outages of extended duration.

Since the single bus arrangement is low in reliability, it is not recommended for heavily loaded substations or substations having a high availability requirement. Reliability of this arrangement can be improved by the addition of a bus tiebreaker to minimize the effect of a main bus failure.

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